What we show is that it can economically also be valuable in market efficiency terms,” said David Stark, professor of sociology and international affairs at Columbia University.

Across markets and locations, pricing accuracy is 58 percent higher in diverse markets, as is the ability to thwart pricing bubbles, the study published by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found (PNAS).

“Traders in ethnically homogenous markets are significantly less accurate, and thus more likely to cause price bubbles,” the paper said. Results showed their performance worsened over time.

“Diversity facilitates friction. In markets, this friction can disrupt conformity, interrupt taken-for-granted routines, and prevent herding,” the paper said.

The study was conducted among people from East Asia and the Southwest United States. It measured a baseline of financial literacy among the participants. They were placed in a simulated trading environment, and set the task of trying to earn money while the researchers measured their pricing accuracy via a commonly used real-life trading terminal. Their identities were anonymous and participants kept what they earned.

“They could look around them and see who was in the room but they didn’t talk to each other,” said the lead author of the report, Sheen Levine, principal investigator at Columbia’s Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy.